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Australind is a satellite town and outer northern suburb of Bunbury, Western Australia 12 km north-east of Bunbury's central business district. Its local government area is the Shire of Harvey. At the 2011 census, Australind had a population of 11,954. ==History== Prior to European settlement, the area was home to the Wardandi people. Early explorers found them to be timid and settlers found them excellent trackers, and many of them found employment on farms. The first sighting of the coast was by Captain A. P. Jonk in the VOC ''Emeloort'', who sighted land at 33°12' S (most likely opposite the estuary from Australind) on 24 February 1658 while looking for the ''Vergulde Draeck'' but did not land. A few months later, the ''Elburg'' under Capt. J. P. Peereboom landed at what is now Bunbury and met three Aboriginals, returning to Batavia on 16 July 1658. In 1802–03, Nicolas Baudin visited the coast and explored the estuary and nearby rivers, and named Point Casuarina in Bunbury after one of his ships , and the Leschenault Inlet after onboard botanist Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour. The name ''Australind'' is a combination of ''Australia'' and ''India'', which was chosen due to the belief that the area could be used for breeding horses for the British Indian Army, as was later achieved in Cervantes, Northampton and Madura. In 1840, the Western Australian Land Company purchased of land with a plan to create an English-style village populated by settlers. The area had been mapped in 1831 by John Septimus Roe and explored by land by Lieutenant Henry Bunbury in 1836. A detailed plan of the town included a town square, church, a school, stores, a mill and a public hall. Marshall Clifton, who arrived on the ''Parkfield'' in 1841, was appointed leader of the 440 settlers. However, in January 1841, the Swan River Colony's Methodist minister Rev. John Smithies wrote in the following terms to the Wesleyan Missionary Society in London: If any of your friends are thinking of Austral-Ind as a point of emigration tell them to ''Stop''. It is one of the greatest puffs that there has been for some time. I should be sorry if any of our Methodist friends or others should be so deluded as to embark for such a place.〔McNair, William and Rumney, Hillary. ''Pioneer Aboriginal Mission: The Work of Wesleyan Missionary John Smithies in the Swan River Colony 1840-1855'', University of Western Australia Press, 1981. ISBN 0855641789.〕 Before long, the settlement began to fail owing to poor soils and climate—no water in summer and too much of it in winter—and the settlers drifted away. Little of the planned town was ever developed. The company folded, the land was mostly resumed by the Crown, and the settlement plans were officially abandoned in 1875.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Local Towns - Australind ) 〕 A bridge was built over the Brunswick River to allow nearby settlers to make use of the township's services, so that in the 1860s, Australind was surviving with a school, post office and store. However, growth was negligible and, in the 1890s, construction of the Perth to Bunbury railway via Pinjarra shifted the focus of development to agricultural and timber towns further inland. The population of Australind fell to 33 (15 males and 18 females) in 1898. In the 1971 census, just 418 people lived in the Australind area. The Parkfield name lives on in a nearby rural locality and in a primary school in northern Australind. A handful of historic buildings, including St Nicholas Church (1848) and Henton Cottage (1841) on Paris Road, and Clifton's former residence Upton House (1847) on Old Coast Road, still exist in the town. St Nicholas Church, originally a worker's cottage, is 3.6 metres in width and 8.2 metres in length, and is believed to be the smallest church in Australia, while Henton Cottage was the town's first hotel.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Australian Heritage - Australind )〕 In the 20th century, the district's residential and recreational appeal gradually attracted more development as Bunbury expanded to become a city. The Bunbury Golf Course was built in 1948 at nearby Clifton Park. Industries including a titanium dioxide pigment factory and waste-water plant were established there, and suburban development as part of "Greater Bunbury" saw the town quadruple in size by 1981. A primary school opened in 1980, relieving pressure on that of nearby Eaton, and was followed by a high school which opened in 1987. New estates opened over the coming years. In the mid-1980s the State Government and the Shire of Harvey made plans to relocate most of the industries to a new industrial park at nearby Kemerton and, by 2001 the town was predominantly residential, the census reporting over 10,000 residents, over half of whom were first- or second-generation British immigrants, with a notable Italian minority. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Australind, Western Australia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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